Towards Modern Image Manipulation Localization: A Large-Scale Dataset and Novel Methods

In recent years, image manipulation localization has attracted increasing attention due to its pivotal role in guaranteeing social media security. However, how to accurately identify the forged regions remains an open challenge. One of the main bottlenecks lies in the severe scarcity of high-quality data, due to its costly creation process. To address this limitation, we propose a novel paradigm, termed as CAAA, to automatically and precisely annotate the numerous manually forged images from the web at the pixel level. We further propose a novel metric QES to facilitate the automatic filtering of unreliable annotations. With CAAA and QES, we construct a large-scale, diverse, and high-quality dataset comprising 123,150 manually forged images with mask annotations. Besides, we develop a new model APSC-Net for accurate image manipulation localization. According to extensive experiments, our dataset significantly improves the performance of various models on the widely-used benchmarks and such improvements are attributed to our proposed effective methods. The dataset and code are publicly available at https://github.com/qcf-568/MIML.