Poster

TV2TV: A Unified Framework for Interleaved Language and Video Generation

Xiaofeng Zhang ⋅ Youssef Emad ⋅ Melissa Hall ⋅ John Nguyen ⋅ Karthik Padthe ⋅ Liam Robbins ⋅ Amir Bar ⋅ Delong Chen ⋅ Michal Drozdzal ⋅ Maha Elbayad ⋅ Yushi Hu ⋅ Shang-Wen Li ⋅ Jakob Verbeek ⋅ XuDong Wang ⋅ Marjan Ghazvininejad ⋅ Luke Zettlemoyer ⋅ Emily Dinan

Abstract

Video generation models are rapidly advancing, but can still struggle with complex video outputs that require significant semantic branching or repeated high-level reasoning about what should happen next. In this paper, we introduce a new class of omni video-text models that integrate ideas from recent LM reasoning advances to address this challenge. More specifically, we present TV2TV, a unified generative modeling framework which decomposes video generation into an interleaved text and video generation process. TV2TV jointly learns language modeling (next-token prediction) and video flow matching (next-frame prediction) using a Mixture-of-Transformers (MoT) architecture. At inference time, TV2TV decides when to alternate between generating text and video frames, allowing the model to "think in words" about subsequent content before "acting in pixels" to produce frames. This design offloads much of the responsibility for deciding what should happen next to the language modeling tower, enabling improved visual quality and prompt alignment of generated videos. It also enables fine-grained controllability, allowing users to modify the video generation trajectory through text interventions at any point in the process. In controlled experiments on video game data, TV2TV demonstrates substantial improvements in both visual quality (preferred 92% of the time in human evaluations vs. a comparable text-to-video model) and controllability (19 point improvement in fine-grained instruction following accuracy vs. a "think-then-act" approach). TV2TV also scales to natural videos, as we show by augmenting sports videos with interleaved natural language action descriptions using vision-language models (VLMs). Training TV2TV on this corpus yields strong visual quality and prompt alignment, showcasing the model's ability to reason about and generate complex real-world action sequences. Together, these results highlight TV2TV as a promising step toward video generation with open-ended textual reasoning and control.