Multimodal RewardBench 2: Evaluating Omni Reward Models for Interleaved Text and Image

Reward models (RMs) are essential for training large language models (LLMs), but remain underexplored for omni models that handle interleaved image and text sequences. We introduce Multimodal RewardBench 2 (MMRB2), the first comprehensive benchmark for reward models on multimodal understanding and (interleaved) generation. MMRB2 spans four tasks: text-to-image, image editing, interleaved generation, and multimodal reasoning (“thinking-with-images”), providing 1,000 expert-annotated preference pairs per task from 23 models and agents across 21 source tasks. MMRB2 is designed with: (1) practical but challenging prompts; (2) responses from state-of-the-art models, and agents; and (3) preference pairs with strong human-expert consensus, curated via an ensemble filtering strategy. Using MMRB2, we study existing judges for each subtask, including multimodal LLM-as-a-judge and models trained with human preferences. Top judges like GPT-5 and Gemini-2.5-Pro reach 66–75% accuracy, compared to >90% for humans, and outperform the commonly used GPT-4o (59% accuracy). The best performing open-source model Qwen3-VL-32B achieves similar accuracies as Gemini-2.5-Flash (64%). We also show that MMRB2 performance strongly correlates with downstream task success, and conduct an in-depth analysis that shows key areas to improve the reward models going forward.