Orthogonal Spatial-Aware Multi-View Anchor Graph Clustering for Incomplete Remote Sensing Data

Multi-view clustering for remote sensing data has received increasing attention by leveraging diverse data representations to enhance Earth observation. Existing methods are primarily developed under the assumption that each pixel is fully observed across all views. No prior work has investigated the more practical yet challenging scenario where some views suffer from partially missing data. To bridge this gap, this paper presents the first study on clustering incomplete remote sensing data, termed orthogonal spatial-aware multi-view anchor graph clustering (OSMAGC). Specifically, spatial-aware anchors and multi-scale anchor graphs are initially constructed by exploiting the superpixel-based texture characteristics of each view. Based on these, multi-scale anchor graph learning is performed through view weighting and matrix factorization on incomplete data. Structure-aligned consensus feature learning is achieved by aligning the multi-scale graph structures within a shared latent space. To ensure spatial continuity and smoothness, orthogonal spatial-aware regularization is imposed in both horizontal and vertical directions. These three modules are jointly optimized through a well-designed optimization algorithm in a mutually reinforcing manner. Extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method over the state-of-the-art competitors.