Recurrent Reasoning with Vision-Language Models for Estimating Long-Horizon Embodied Task Progress

Accurately estimating task progress is critical for embodied agents to plan and execute long-horizon, multi-step tasks. Despite promising advances, existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) based methods primarily leverage their video understanding capabilities, while neglecting their complex reasoning potential. Furthermore, processing long video trajectories with VLMs is computationally prohibitive for real-world deployment. To address these challenges, we propose the Recurrent Reasoning Vision-Language Model ($\text{R}^2$VLM). Our model features a recurrent reasoning framework that processes local video snippets iteratively, maintaining a global context through an evolving Chain of Thought (CoT). This CoT explicitly records task decomposition, key steps, and their completion status, enabling the model to reason about complex temporal dependencies. This design avoids the high cost of processing long videos while preserving essential reasoning capabilities. We train $\text{R}^2$VLM on large-scale, automatically generated datasets from ALFRED and Ego4D, enhanced with advanced post-training techniques. Extensive experiments on progress estimation and downstream applications—including progress-enhanced policy learning, reward modeling for reinforcement learning, and proactive assistance—demonstrate that $\text{R}^2$VLM achieves strong performance and generalization, achieving a new state-of-the-art in long-horizon task progress estimation.