SimLingo: Vision-Only Closed-Loop Autonomous Driving with Language-Action Alignment

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted significant attention with the hope of improving generalization and explainability. However, existing methods often focus on either driving or vision-language understanding but achieving both high driving performance and extensive language understanding remains challenging. In addition, the dominant approach to tackle vision-language understanding is using visual question answering. However, for autonomous driving, this is only useful if it is grounded in the action space. Otherwise, the model’s answers could be inconsistent with its behavior. Therefore, we propose a model that can handle three different tasks: (1) closed-loop driving, (2) vision-language understanding, and (3) language-action alignment. Our model SimLingo is based on a vision language model (VLM) and works using only camera, excluding expensive sensors like LiDAR. SimLingo obtains state-of-the-art performance on the widely used CARLA simulator on the Leaderboard 2.0 and the Bench2Drive benchmarks. Additionally, we achieve strong results in a wide variety of language-related tasks while maintaining high driving performance. We will release code, data and models upon acceptance.