Earth Observation (EO) and remote sensing are ever-growing fields of investigation where computer vision, machine learning, and signal/image processing meet. The general objective of the domain is to provide large-scale and consistent information about processes occurring at the surface of the Earth by exploiting data collected by airborne and spaceborne sensors. Earth Observation covers a broad range of tasks, from detection to registration, data mining, and multi-sensor, multi-resolution, multi-temporal, and multi-modality fusion and regression, to name just a few. It is motivated by numerous applications such as location-based services, online mapping services, large-scale surveillance, 3D urban modeling, navigation systems, natural hazard forecast and response, climate change monitoring, virtual habitat modeling, food security, etc. The sheer amount of data calls for highly automated scene interpretation workflows.